How to Set a Nokia N95 to use Eduroam WiFi network

Introduction

This note is written for users at the University of Hull who wish to use the campus
eduroam wireless network on their Nokia N95 handset. It may also be of value to
users of other similar Nokia handsets that have WiFi capability, and also users of such
devices at other institutions who also advertise the eduroam network SSID on campus.
A brief movie is available that shows the settings on a N95 which permits you to
compare your own settings.

Changing Settings

When configuring a N95 for the WiFi we could be at two possible start points. Either
you have already attempted to connect to and use the network and not managed to get
it to work, or you have never attempted to get it to work and are completely new to

WiFi settings.

The first step is to locate the settings for WiFi connections.
Menu -> Tools -> Settings -> Connection -> Access Points
If you have eduroam already in the access point list, then all that is necessary is to
correct the security settings to make it functional. If it is not already there it can be added:
Options -> New Access Point

Security Settings

Set the WLAN security mode to WPA/WPA2 and now select the security settings.
The WPA/WPA2 mode is set to EAP and now select EAP Plug-in settings.
On this screen select the EAP-PEAP and then make sure you have deselected all the
others (EAP-SIM, EAP-AKA, EAP-TLS, EAP-TTLS).
For PEAP you should select the Authority Certificate from “GTE Cyber Trust”
On the EAP tab for PEAP you should select EAP-MSCHAPv2 and ensure the others
are deselected (EAP-SIM, EAP-AKA, EAP-TLS, EAP-GTC).
On the “Options” button for setting EAP-PEAP and EAP-MSCHAPv2 you should
Use “Raise Priority” to put them at the top of the list.

Wireless Access Point Settings

Once the entry for the eduroam network has
been located or created the process for making
all the necessary settings is identical.
As shown, set the Data Bearer the network

status to public .

You should set the EAP-MSCHAPv2 (and the EAP-PEAP use rname) to use your
university of Hull login name followed by “@hull.ac.uk” (Known as the realm
identifier). In the password field use the password. Some people, who have different
passwords, should use their RADIUS or dial-in password.

Proxy Settings

The last part is to set up the university web proxy, which is done under “Advanced
Settings” for the access point eduroam.
You should set the Proxy Server address to slbwebcache.
hull.ac.uk and the Proxy Port number to 3128.

Setup Complete

If all the settings are made correctly, then you should be able to surf the web and
stream video and multimedia content over the wireless network. Note that you need a
strong wireless signal for it to function, as the N95 only has a small antenna unlike a
laptop which can detect and operate with weaker signals.
Ensure, also, that you are not accidentally using your ISP 3G network service and
running up a bill. The connection to the WiFi is shown by a special symbol on the
standby screen of your phone.

There is also a video showing the set-up process at
http://www.hull.ac.uk/php/cssbct/N95/N95eduroam.avi

Software Updates

Nokia N95 phone software can be updated by internet download via an internet
connected PC. You may wish to consider updating your phone software to the latest
version before performing the eduroam configuration. You will need a fast reliable
internet connection. A wired university connection is advised. You will need the
appropriate Nokia update tool installed on your PC which can be obtained from their
website. You will also need the appropriate USB connector for the phone and the
phone connected to a mains adaptor. Battery power for the phone is not suitable for a
full software update.

Other Models of SmartPhone

This description is based on the Nokia N95. It is likely to be applicable to other
similar models, such as the Nokia N82, but has not been tested by the author. Any
input from readers on applicable models will be helpful.

Apple iPhone and iTouch

It is known that Apple Software does not have the necessary encryption software to
enable a user to authenticate with eduroam, so at the moment it is not worth trying!
The June 2008 software update for iPhones is believed to resolve this problem.

HTC Phones

Some HTC Phones, which use Windows Mobile and Windows CE, are able to
interoperate with eduroam with difficulty. Other users have reported functionality
with HTC P3300, HTC TouchCruise and XDA Orbit2. Where there have been
problems it is because of an old version of Windows CE (it must be 6 or greater) or
the version of the “Radio ROMs” which required a hardware upgrade.

HP IPAQ

IPAQs do not seem to have the necessary software installed in Windows CE as they
seem to be using version 5.

Users from other Institutions

It is believed, but not tested, that these instructions will also be applicable to eduroam
at other institutions, or how else could the device roam! If you are a user from
elsewhere then the user name and password used in the authentication must be
validatable from your home RADIUS server at the realm used. The realm should be
appended after your user name, and is probably the Janet domain address for the
university or college in the XXX.ac.uk form.

V1.3 21st May 2008
V1.2 12thMay 2008
V1.1 12th May 2008
V1.0 25th April 2008

HOWTO: Fix WiFi dropouts on the Nokia N95.

From the minute I read up about the Nokia N95 to the minute I got the phone WiFi was definitely one of the most anticipated features for myself. Unfortunately for myself, and some others, I experienced constant WiFi dropouts.

Yesterday while checking the N95 discussion on the Whirlpool Forums I came across a solution which thankfully solved my problem. All you need to do is turn of the WiFi Powersave feature on your phone, to do so do the following:

1. Open the phones 'Settings' application.

2. Select 'Connection' from the menu.

3. Scroll down to 'Wireless LAN' and select it.

4. Hit the options button (left soft key) and select 'Advanced Settings'.

5. When the following warning screen appears select Yes to enter the Advanced Settings screen.

6. Click 'Automatic configuration' to set it to Disabled.

7. Scroll down to the 'Power saving' option in the menu and set it to Disabled

You should now be able to use the WiFi features of your Nokia N95 without any annoying dropouts.

The downside to this is that with the Power saving feature disabled the WiFi will consume more power and drain the battery with intensive use, but considering the option it is definitely an improvement.

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How the CRC algorithm works

The CRC algorithm works above the binary field. The algorithm treats all bit streams as binary polynomials. Given the original frame, the transmitter generates the FCS for that frame. The FCS is generated so that the resulting frame (the cascade of the original frame and the FCS), is exactly devisable by some pre-defined polynomial. This pre-defined polynomial is called the devisor or CRC Polynomial.

For the formal explanation we will define the following :

M - The original frame to be transmitted, before adding the FCS. It is k bits long.
F - The resulting FCS to be added to M. It is n bits long.
T - The cascading of M and F. This is the resulting frame that will be transmitted. It is k+n bits long.
P - The pre-defined CRC Polynomial. A pattern of n+1 bits.

Click here to see an example:

The main idea behind the CRC algorithm is that the FCS is generated so that the reminder of T/P is zero. Its clear that

(1) T= M * x^n + F

This is because by cascading F to M we have shifted T by n bits to the left and then added F to the result. We want the transmitted frame, T, to be exactly divisible by the pre-defined polynomial P, so we would have to find a suitable Frame Check Sequence (F) for every raw message (M).

Suppose we divided only M*x^n by P, we would get:

(2) M*x^n / P = Q + R/P

There is a quotient and a reminder. We will use this reminder, R, as our FCS (F). Returning to Eq. 1:

(3) T= M*x^n + R

We will now show that this selection of the FCS makes the transmitted frame (T) exactly divisible by P:

(4) T/P = (M*x^n + R)/P = M*x^n / P +R/P = Q + R/P + R/P = Q + (R+R)/P

but any binary number added to itself in a modulo 2 field yields zero so:

(5) T/P = Q, With no reminder.

Following is a review of the CRC creation process:

1. Get the raw frame
2. Left shift the raw frame by n bits and the divide it by P.
3. The reminder of the last action is the FCS.
4. Append the FCS to the raw frame. The result is the frame to transmit

And a review of the CRC check process:

1. Receive the frame.
2. Divide it by P.
3. Check the reminder. If not zero then there is an error in the frame.

It can be easily seen that the CRC algorithm must compute the reminder of the division of two polynomials. The process is described in the following documents:

• Implementing the CRC algorithm in hardware
• Implementing the CRC algorithm in software